The study included 559 women living in a large industrial city: Group I included 316 women who gave birth to children with congenital malformations (CM), Group II consisted of 243 women without CM. An analysis of clinical and anamnestic data was performed and variants of the CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP19A1, SULT1A1, GSTM1, GSTT1 genes were studied. The average age of women in the group with congenital malformations was significantly older (p<0.001) (32/21 years), they more often had childhood infections (p=0.043), had more than 3 pregnancies and births (p<0.001), a history of congenital malformations (p<0.001), low levels of red blood cells (p<0.001), hemoglobin (p<0.001), hematocrit (p<0.001), MCV (p=0.006) and total blood protein (p=0.002).

The A/G and G/G variants of the CYP1A1 gene are associated with multiple fetal malformations, central nervous system defects, and congenital heart defects. The A/C variant of the CYP1A2 gene is associated with genitourinary defects. A protective role of the A/A variant of the CYP1A2 gene in the development of congenital malformations has been established. A deletion in the GSTM1 gene is associated with central nervous system defects and congenital heart defects. No association was found between the studied variants of the CYP19A1, SULT1A1, and GSTT1 genes and the development of congenital malformations.

Polina Saltykova became an assistant professor in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the age of 32 at the Novokuznetsk State Institute for Advanced Medical Studies – a branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, in the Russian Federation. She is a young scientist exploring the research landscape. She has published nine papers in Russian and international journals, as well as at International scientific conferences.